| Peer-Reviewed

Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316

Received: 11 September 2019     Accepted: 9 October 2019     Published: 28 October 2019
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

An experimental analysis was carried out to investigate the corrosivity of sensitized welded and unwelded austenitic stainless steel AISI 316, in oxidizing (H2SO4) and non-oxidizing (HCL) media. The selected samples were cut into several equal pieces. To induce sensitization, the samples were heated and soaked at 750°C at different soaking time intervals such as 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 180minutes, 300 minutes and 600 minutes followed by water quenching. The sensitized welded and unwelded samples each were subjected to immersion duration test in the oxidizing and non-oxidizing media for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 minutes, respectively. It was concluded from the results obtained that corrosion rate of welded and unwelded decreases as soaking time and immersion duration increases at constant soaking temperature, in non-oxidizing medium of hydroChloric acid (HCL); but the decrease in corrosion rate is more in the unwelded samples. In the oxidizing medium of sulphoric acid (H2SO4); corrosion rate of the samples decreased as immersion duration/soaking time increases. However, the welded samples experienced erratic behaviour in the oxidizing medium, having a lower corrosion rate than their unwelded counterpart surprisingly, at immersion duration between 25-50 minutes as soaking time increases at constant soaking temperature of 750°C.

Published in American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13
Page(s) 61-69
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 316, Corrosion Rate, Sensitization, Immersion Duration, Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Media, Soaking Temperature, Soaking Time, Welded and Unwelded

References
[1] Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor, Simeon Ikechukwu Neife: Investigation of the Effects of Soaking Time on the Properties of Stainless Steel: American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering. Vol. 3, No. 3, 2019, pp. 47-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.11.
[2] Pierre R. Roberge: Corrosion Basics—An Introduction, Second Ed. (Houston, TX: NACE International, 2006), pp. 21-22.
[3] National Corrosion Service (NCS) Publication UK. Guides to good practice in corrosion control. (www.npl.co.uk), 2000.
[4] P. T Jakosbsen and E Maahn: Temperature and potential dependence of crevice corrosion of AISI 316 stainless steel. Corrosion Science, 2001, 43 [p 1693-1709].
[5] Rondelli, G.; Vicentini, B. Susceptibility of highly alloyed austenitic stainless steels to caustic stress corrosion cracking. Mater. Corros. 2002, 53, 813–819.
[6] Rondelli, G.; Vicentini, B.; Sivieri, E. Stress corrosion cracking of stainless steels in high temperature caustic solutions. Corros. Sci. 1997, 39, 1037–1049.
[7] Parnian, N. Failure analysis of austenitic stainless steel tubes in a gas fired steam heater. Mater. Des. 2012, 36, 788–795.
[8] Betova, I.; Bojinov, M.; Hyökyvirta, O.; Saario, T. Effect of sulphide on the corrosion behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel and its constituent elements in simulated kraft digester conditions. Corrosion Science. 2010, 52, 1499–1507.
[9] Chasse, K.; Raji, S.; Singh, P. Effect of chloride ions on corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steels in hot alkaline-sulfide solutions. Corrosion 2012, 68, 932–949.
[10] Mills WJ. Fracture toughness of type 304 and 316 stainless steels and their welds. Int. Mater. Rev. 1997; 42:45–82. doi: 10.1179/imr.1997.42.2.45.
[11] Frankel, G., et al. L°Calized corrosion: general discussion; Faraday Discussions. 2015 180 (0): P. 381-414.
[12] Zheng S, Shibata T, Haruna T: Corrosion Science Journal, 2005, 47, 1049-1061.
[13] Seifedine, K (2008): European Journal of Scientific Research, ISSN 1450-216X Vol. 22 No. 4, 2008, 508-516.
[14] Pitting Corrosion,” NACE International, http://www.nace.org/Pitting-Corrosion (September 28, 2015).
[15] Chen YY, Chou LB, Shih HC, Mater. Chem. Phy., 2006, 96, 37-49.
[16] G. H. K°Ch, et al., “Corrosion Costs and Preventive Strategies in the United States,” Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-RD-01-156, March 2002.
[17] Kumar, S.; Shahi, A. S. On the influence of welding stainless steel on microstructural development and mechanical performance. Mater. Manuf. Pr°Cess. 2014, 29, 894–902.
[18] Pramar S: Welding metallurgy 2nd Ed. {(2003) [New Jersey]}.
[19] Sindou Kou (2003). Welding Metallurgy. 2nd Ed. A John Wiley and Sons, INC. Publication. New Jersey.
[20] F. Haraszti: The bases of corrosion investigation EME press, Műszaki Tudományos Füzetek 21, Cluj Nap°Ca {2016} pp. 185-188.
[21] F. Haraszti: Corrosion investigation of steel samples EME press, Műszaki Tudományos Füzetek 21, Cluj Nap°Ca {2016} pp. 189-192.
[22] Reti T, Kovacs T: A phenomenological method for the prediction of damage accumulation pr°Cesses under varying external conditions In: Materials Science Forum, 414-415, {2003} pp. 317-322.
[23] Parvathavarthini N, Dayal RK, Khatak HS, Shankar V, Journal Nuclear Matererial, 2006, 355, 68-82.
[24] T. Kovács, L. Kuzsella: High Energy Rate Forming Induced Phase Transition in austenitic steel; Journal of Physics Conference-Series 790: Paper 012039. 5 {2017}’.
[25] M. Dománkova, et al: The microstructure evolution and its effect on corrosion properties of 18Cr-12Ni-2, 5Mo Steel, annealed at 500-900°C, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 11 3{2014} pp. 125-137.
[26] Li SL, Zhang HL, Wang YL, Li SX, Zheng K, Xue F, Wang XT. Annealing induced recovery of long-term thermal aging embrittlement in a duplex stainless steel. Material Science Engineering A 2013; 564:85–91.
[27] Elsariti, S. M. Behaviour of stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels in sodium chloride solutions. Pr°Cedia Eng. 2013, 53, 650–654.
[28] Kuroda T, Matsuda F. Role of secondary austenite on corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of sensitized duplex stainless steel weldment, (metallurgy & weldability). Trans JWRI 1994; 23 (2): 205–11. V. Shamanth, K. S. Ravishankar / Results in Physics 5 (2015) 297–303 303.
[29] Newman, R. C. 2001 W. R. Whitney award lecture: understanding the corrosion of stainless steel; Corrosion 2001. 57 (12): P. 1030-1041.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor, Daniel Oray Nnamdi Obikwelu, Simeon Ikechukwu Neife. (2019). Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316. American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 3(3), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor; Daniel Oray Nnamdi Obikwelu; Simeon Ikechukwu Neife. Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316. Am. J. Mech. Mater. Eng. 2019, 3(3), 61-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor, Daniel Oray Nnamdi Obikwelu, Simeon Ikechukwu Neife. Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316. Am J Mech Mater Eng. 2019;3(3):61-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13,
      author = {Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor and Daniel Oray Nnamdi Obikwelu and Simeon Ikechukwu Neife},
      title = {Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316},
      journal = {American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {61-69},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmme.20190303.13},
      abstract = {An experimental analysis was carried out to investigate the corrosivity of sensitized welded and unwelded austenitic stainless steel AISI 316, in oxidizing (H2SO4) and non-oxidizing (HCL) media. The selected samples were cut into several equal pieces. To induce sensitization, the samples were heated and soaked at 750°C at different soaking time intervals such as 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 180minutes, 300 minutes and 600 minutes followed by water quenching. The sensitized welded and unwelded samples each were subjected to immersion duration test in the oxidizing and non-oxidizing media for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 minutes, respectively. It was concluded from the results obtained that corrosion rate of welded and unwelded decreases as soaking time and immersion duration increases at constant soaking temperature, in non-oxidizing medium of hydroChloric acid (HCL); but the decrease in corrosion rate is more in the unwelded samples. In the oxidizing medium of sulphoric acid (H2SO4); corrosion rate of the samples decreased as immersion duration/soaking time increases. However, the welded samples experienced erratic behaviour in the oxidizing medium, having a lower corrosion rate than their unwelded counterpart surprisingly, at immersion duration between 25-50 minutes as soaking time increases at constant soaking temperature of 750°C.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Experimental Analysis of Corrosive Impact of Oxidizing and Non-oxidizing Environment on Sensitized Welded and Unwelded Samples of AISI 316
    AU  - Silas Ezedinma Agbokwor
    AU  - Daniel Oray Nnamdi Obikwelu
    AU  - Simeon Ikechukwu Neife
    Y1  - 2019/10/28
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13
    T2  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    SP  - 61
    EP  - 69
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2639-9652
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190303.13
    AB  - An experimental analysis was carried out to investigate the corrosivity of sensitized welded and unwelded austenitic stainless steel AISI 316, in oxidizing (H2SO4) and non-oxidizing (HCL) media. The selected samples were cut into several equal pieces. To induce sensitization, the samples were heated and soaked at 750°C at different soaking time intervals such as 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 180minutes, 300 minutes and 600 minutes followed by water quenching. The sensitized welded and unwelded samples each were subjected to immersion duration test in the oxidizing and non-oxidizing media for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 minutes, respectively. It was concluded from the results obtained that corrosion rate of welded and unwelded decreases as soaking time and immersion duration increases at constant soaking temperature, in non-oxidizing medium of hydroChloric acid (HCL); but the decrease in corrosion rate is more in the unwelded samples. In the oxidizing medium of sulphoric acid (H2SO4); corrosion rate of the samples decreased as immersion duration/soaking time increases. However, the welded samples experienced erratic behaviour in the oxidizing medium, having a lower corrosion rate than their unwelded counterpart surprisingly, at immersion duration between 25-50 minutes as soaking time increases at constant soaking temperature of 750°C.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Sections